SOFTFLOWD, a flow- based Network Traffic Analyzer

Softflowd semi-statefully tracks traffic flows. Upon expiry of a flow, its statistics are accumulated and reports them to a designated collector host using the standard NetFlow protocol. Currently the statistics collected are summaries only: min/max/avg/total bytes, packets on a aggregate or per-protocol basis.

Softflowd can export using NetFlow version 1, 5 or 9 datagrams and it is fully IPv6 capable: it can track and report on IPv6 traffic and flow export datagrams can be sent to an IPv6 host. Any standard NetFlow collector should be able to process the reports from softflowd.

As softflowd watches traffic promiscuously, it is likely to place additional load on hosts or gateways on which it is installed. However, this implementation has been designed to minimise this load as much as possible. Alternately, softflowd can read pcap save files recorded from tcpdump and friends.

Unless reading from a traffic dump, softflowd run as a daemon. A "remote control" program (softflowctl) is included which allows runtime control and extraction of statistics from a daemonised softflowd.

Softflowd is developed on Linux and OpenBSD. It requires libpcap and its associated headers to build, these are available from tcpdump.org, or from your operating system vendor. As of version 0.9, there is some support for Solaris but this is still experimental.

to downlod softflowd please follow the link: http://www.mindrot.org/files/softflowd/softflowd-0.9.8.tar.gz
PGP Signature is: http://www.mindrot.org/files/softflowd/softflowd-0.9.8.tar.gz.asc

Thanks Damien Miller for such tools necessary for network/system engineers like me.

My Horoscope of this week!!!

i born in feb. 16. according to english date, i must be categorized in aquarius (jan 20 - feb 18). lets see what my this week's horroscope told:

"They mostly are technical wizards with unusual ideas and rule computers, airplanes and astrology. They have strong convictions and seek truth above all things. Aquarians are practical and idealistic people with philosophical and spiritual bent of mind. They often take to rudeness, resentment and the silence that may burst out suddenly in extreme temper"

Then todays forcast:
After a long period of helping the people you love, it is perfectly okay to want to put yourself first today! There's no need to feel guilty. Instead, plan out your day with your happiness as your only goal. Choose a nice variety of your favorite things, and toss in a little splurge here or there just for good measure. You've proved yourself to be a good friend and a good partner. Now it's time to give some of that goodness to yourself!

ha ha ha ... actually i don't believe in horoscope but sometime its interesting and matched with real life activities.

My Added Concept of WIKI!!

definitely we heard the words wikipedia,wikimapia,nupedia etc etc..but what actually wiki is?? lets define what it is (taken from wikipedia site itself)

What is Wikipedia?

Wikipedia is an online free-content encyclopedia that anyone can edit. Wikipedia co-founder Jimmy Wales has described Wikipedia as "an effort to create and distribute a multilingual free encyclopedia of the highest quality to every single person on the planet in their own language." Wikipedia exists to bring knowledge to everyone who seeks it.

Who owns Wikipedia?

Wikipedia is managed by a nonprofit parent organization, The Wikimedia Foundation, which also manages the operation of Wikipedia's sister projects, including Wiktionary (a wiki dictionary), Wikibooks (textbooks), and others, and owns all of their domain names. Previously, the site was hosted on the servers of Bomis, Inc., a company mostly owned by Jimmy Wales. With the announcement of the Wikimedia Foundation on June 20, 2003, the ownership of all domain names was transferred to the Foundation. The site is run by the community of Wikipedians guided by the principles articulated by Jimmy Wales, including, for example, an adherence to a neutral point of view. The articles hosted on this site are released by their authors under the GNU Free Documentation License (or a free license), so the articles are free content and may be reproduced freely under the same license. See Wikipedia:Copyrights and Wikipedia:Readers' FAQ for information on how you can use Wikipedia content.

Who is responsible for the articles on Wikipedia?

You are! Actually, you can even edit this very FAQ, so long as the edits are helpful. This is a collaborative effort. Thousands of people have contributed information to different parts of this project, and anyone can do so, including you. All you need is to know how to edit a page, and have some encyclopedic knowledge you want to share. The encyclopedia provides users with a certain amount of freedom.

You can learn who is responsible for the most recent versions of any given page by clicking on the "Page history" link. Nevertheless, if you spot an error in the latest revision of an article, you are highly encouraged to be bold and correct it. This practice is one of the basic review mechanisms that maintains the reliability of the encyclopedia. As a result, Wikipedia has become one of the most extensive information libraries available on the Internet. If you are uncertain or find the wording confusing, quote the material on the associated talk page and leave a question for the next person. This helps eliminate errors, inaccuracies, or misleading wording more quickly and is highly appreciated by the community.

what is wikimapia?

WikiMapia is an online map and satellite imaging resource that combines Google Maps with a wiki system, allowing users to add information (in the form of a note) to any location on Earth.

Created by Alexandre Koriakine and Evgeniy Saveliev, the project was launched on May 24, 2006 and is aiming towards "describing the whole planet Earth". WikiMapia is unrelated to Wikipedia and the Wikimedia Foundation, but the website states that it was "inspired by Wikipedia."

WikiMapia allows contributors to add a "Hotspot" to any map by marking out a rectangle (with the maximum length of any one side being 20 kilometers) which is wiki-linked to a note providing information about the locality. The note may be in any of 60 languages currently supported, and may be modified by any contributor, as in a wiki. The link is activated by clicking within the rectangular "Hotspot".

Growth

By August 16, 2006, one million localities had been identified. . The counter passed two million on November 22, 2006 and 3 million on March 8, 2007. A project has begun to translate the user interface of WikiMapia into 64 languages other than the current English interface.

Especially in some areas of the world with out-of-date or very expensive mapping, such as India, growth has been phenomenally rapid. However, this rapid growth has brought problems of its own with urban areas being covered with thousands of overlapping rectangles marking the position of private residences, but with no facility available in the WikiMapia interface to display places of public interest (as opposed to those of very restricted interest such as private houses, flats and apartments).

In the initial implementation, WikiMapia had no registered users and no administrative hierarchy. All users edited anonymously and there was no mechanism for monitoring or disciplining problematic users.

A user registration system started to be introduced on 8 October 2006. Users who have been registered for three days or more are granted some administrative powers, including the power to move, resize, delete, or protect objects. "Points" are granted to active users for adding, reviewing, and correcting places; as points accumulate, a user is allegedly granted additional powers. Active users of Wikipedia, and users in contact with Wikimapia before October 5, 2006, are exempt from the three-day waiting period.

Another feature of WikiMapia (that has now been scrapped), was the sight "car" which zooms in and out over smaller and larger areas. It was used for exploring both maps and satellite photographs. There are now small `cross hairs' like a telescopic rifle sight at the centre of the page instead.

On 23 March 2007 the ability to outline an irregular polygon in green (in addition to the original rectangle of variable size) was introduced in Wikimapia.

now, i hope everybody must know about wiki. so here i want to add another wiki that is related to academician (trainer,lecturer,professor).

i am studying masters in information and communication engineering. i am also a lecturer upto BE label. lets think, when a lecturer in blackboard teaching you about computer network...

how OSI model works? how TCP/IP slidding window protocal works? how packets are transformed from source to destination? etc etc...

your teacher just write notes in blackboard and explain it but practically he doesn't know how it works??

similarly, in telecom network, how voice data transfer, call established, call accepted/rejected etc etc..

lecturer of data structure & algorithm can teach about how link list works? how to find shortest path using dijkstra's algorithm? etc etc..

lecturer of semiconductor devices can teach how JFET/MOSFET works etc etc...

in this way only giving theoritical knowledge about practical subject is not practical. so almost engineers of nepal are useless.

do you know how can a CD be read/written?? you can answer. but can't explain practically and practical explanation is also not possible.

so here i add a concept of "wikisimulia". i.e. www.wikisimulia.org same like wikipedia and wikimapia. wikisimulia can explain/answer practically all about the above questions. what i hope is, a teacher in a class with laptop and having wireless internet facilities and while teaching if he need to teach practically, he can go to www.wikisimulia.org and can show the demo of current lecture to his students on the spot.

so wikisimulia is an encyclopedia of any type of simulation of any subject where any public(expert, programmer) add his simulation to this page and any public can access and see the practical implementation through simulation.

so lets design and standardise the concept. simple concept is just develop simulation using java applet and upload to this site. this is my idea but there are several other techniques.

do you guys anybody have idea/concept about it??
any way thank you for reading this article. and the site www.wikisimulia.org is an imagination and hope will be developed in future...

[there is also a site which gives theoritical concept with picture (http://www.howstuffworks.com/)]

A Scenario, Marriage with Nepalese tradition(13 May 2007).

Yesterday, i just attended one marriage ceremony of my relatives(MaMa ko chhori). i saw the environment, realized the environment and activities of marriage. actually my father giving me pressure these days for marriage to me but i just denied and not talking with him also about mariage.

so adult people from village, old and experienced mind, traditional habit, full of cultural and social activities. i saw some marriage processes where i found how marriage would be done in nepalese tradition. its just a typical nepali tradition. actually my habit is just opposite from some nepali tradition. i don't know this is due to my proudness or i become advanced or i am out of track or cultural & technological gap with them. i want to save the nepali cluture but want to improve so as to bridge with the new world.

my father little angried with me that i denied his request. i just reached near a gang of my parents label where is te gang of peeople over 60 years old and all having educational status below Intermediate and from village. what they talking....."we have to save the culture and society..we have to continue this marriage style until we live..no matter our new generation will follow the culture or not after our death but it must be until we alive. Almost people who live in cities and educated are having bad cultural habit and they just follow the international style..its not good etc etc...." i just realized and analyzed. i am also in new generation and lit. bit educated. so i felt that they are talking indirectly to me. i knew, we have to save the culture and nepalese tradition but what i want is we have to refine the culture with time for the development process otherwise nepal will remain on this stage(stone age) for the next 1000 years where as other countries......still people remained on this stage and they dont want to improve themselves then how the country and people of this country will develop yar..though for living every creature, culture and society is the most important part. we can't live without our culture and society. our main moto is to improve the culture and social activities and develop the country. but what can i do???????

conclusion is: "try to refine the cultural, social & make technological gap short between old generation and new generation."

recently i returned back to my office for meeting. after that meeting, i came to hostel and took some photos of myself and friends in hostel. the following are the some snapshots...

in M.Sc. Hostel Room with PC

in M.Sc. Hostel Room with PC

Reading News paper in hostel

in M.Sc. Hostel Room with PC

in M.Sc. hostel room
in M.Sc. hostel room
in M.Sc. hostel room with PC
My M.Sc. hostel room

Japanese Prof. Dr. M. Kubo & IOE prof. Dr. S.R. Joshi's Suggestions,

its time about 4:35 PM wednesday, 11th april 2007 at staff conference room of IOE computer department where we always take masters class. unexpectedly my prof. Dr. Joshi came up with japanese prof. Dr. Kubo. unfortunately i am little late in the class though profs. didnt start class yet. Dr. Kubo did Ph. D. from Sofia University japan and he established "Kubo Institute of Science & Technology" as far as i know from him. He did his Ph.D. in physics though he is interested in IT and computer science.

we students were late on this class. so our prof. Joshi so angried with us. i think its obvious. we have to respect our proffessors as he teach us for us and brought profesors from several countries to make a visit to us. i have never seen such more professors in IOE who is doing for Institute, students and country except Dr. Joshi. i am really glad. lets summarize what these two professors suggested us:

summary words: TIME,Philosophy,Laborious,Domain Knowledge,Morality,Entertainment,do 4 Country.

Dr. Kubo wrote that TIME=>CHANCE. he is about 65 yrs old though he is so energetic in knowledge sharing. Definitely we have to know the TIME. we have to play with TIME so we can grab the oppertunities. we have several oppertunities on our hand. both professors suggested that every body must be responsible in his DUTY. though except duty, of course he has time for family and entertainment that is also the most necessary part. he said "never sell your morality, its the most important, expand knowledge in everyfield as possible as you can, do entertainment at the time of entertainment, so its not bad having girl friend ha ha ha ...he laughed." i am so impressed by such a friendly professor that every body must be like that. some time he angried with us saying that "you late commer, i hate late commer, be in time, time is the important".

if IOE has several such professors, what will be the status of IOE?? its only imagination till now.

Last Monday, Prof. Joshi came up with Prof. Kubo in CIT, IOE. as i knew that Prof. Kubo want to promote IT industry in Nepal. it was a good oppertunity for me to show the IT infrastructure of IOE but unfortunately Internet link from NTC was down on that day having Optical Link problem from NTC. Dr. Kubo just tried to show about his profile and IT infrastructure of his institute. Sorry!!! Prof. Kubo as net was down on that day. any way i saw your profile on the next day from http://www.kuboinst.com. so impressing.

any way, its a nice interaction having such professors with us in the class.

How does a laser speed gun work to measure a car's speed?

Laser (or lidar, for light detection and ranging) speed guns use a more direct method that relies on the reflection time of light rather than doppler shift. You have probably experienced the reflection time of sound waves in the form of an echo. For example, if you shout down a well or across a canyon, the sound takes a noticeable amount of time to reach the bottom of the well and travel back to your ear. Sound travels at something like 1,000 feet (300 meters) per second, so a deep well or a wide canyon creates a very apparent round-trip time for the sound.

A laser speed gun measures the round-trip time for light to reach a car and reflect back. Light from a laser speed gun moves a lot faster than sound -- about 984,000,000 feet per second (300,000,000 meters), or roughly 1 foot (30 cm) per nanosecond. A laser speed gun shoots a very short burst of infrared laser light and then waits for it to reflect off the vehicle. The gun counts the number of nanoseconds it takes for the round trip, and by dividing by 2 it can calculate the distance to the car. If the gun takes 1,000 samples per second, it can compare the change in distance between samples and calculate the speed of the car. By taking several hundred samples over the course of a third of a second or so, the accuracy can be very high.

The advantage of a laser speed gun (for the police anyway) is that the size of the "cone" of light that the gun emits is very small, even at a range like 1,000 feet (300 meters). The cone at this distance might be 3 feet (1 meter) in diameter. This allows the gun to target a specific vehicle. A laser speed gun is also very accurate. The disadvantage is that the officer has to aim a laser speed gun -- normal police radar with a broad radar beam can detect doppler shift without aiming.

For more information, check out How Radar Detectors Work.

Small tour to Lakuri Bhanjyang!!
after long time i got an oficial leave of 4 days. dueirng this time..all friends of my circle just planned to take a tour in LUBHU (Lakhuri Bhanjyang). its another hill located at east of kathmandu valley. it was on Saturday, 18 Mar. 2007. lets check the snapshots of our tour program...

"professor's questions during my project presentation"

sorry i am late to post this importance topic, its due to my busy...actually on 16th january 2007, our department(DOECE, IOE) set that day for our masters project presentation. externals of the presentation are:Prof. Dr. Sashidhar Ram JoshiMr. Jeeban Kumar Pant &Mr. Daya Sagar Baral
my project was entitled "NTLM HTTP Mechanism for Proxy Authentication & HTTP Log Mining". this project has two parts. fist part is related with Authenticating internet users thru proxy with NTLMSSP authentication technique and second part is analyzing the web server's log file and generate web report.
though i am not perfect in UNIX, i have little known so i tried to build project in linux. after the presentation completed i got the following question to me:

1. what is the interrupt no. of SAMBA server?
2. ur project is real time based impleting in CIT, what is the performance of the server i.e. do u know latency? u already studied in OS but forgot...
3. tell me the performance measurement algoithm? do u know any algorithms? like round robin algorithm and etc etc....? (Disk-arm scheduling algorithms i thought)
   
   
4. have u heard any unix based machine? (i answerd: i installed mac 0.9.1 to Apple computer, but that was not the answer re answer was: spark machine ma solaris os re)
   
   
   5. what is that logMiner_0.1.tar.gz? (i answered: that is package of c source code what i developed for log file analysis)
   
   

questions from baral sir

1. why u use samba server? SAMBA is just a netwrok environment ko server hoina ra?
2. can't you make unix machine as domain controller? why u used winnt domain users?

Questions from JKP sir

JKP sir focused on report and he commented about my report writing style (really appreciable, its a nice suggestion)

now i want to be clear that, actually i can't answer Q N. 1. i partially answered Q 2, 3 & 4 because i hadn't expected such questions.i found Baral Sir Questions as nice questions. and thank you JKP sir for the nice suggestions.

now i request to my all friends who knows UNIX that what is the answer of question No 1. I felt shy that i cant answer though i am system engineer of CIT, IOE Pulchowk. i will be really greateful if some give answer of that first question.

Thak you.

My New Experience....Nagarkot Night Camp,

Last friday, my m. sc. class mates planned to go nagarkot night camp as a party for being Telecom Engineers by 4 class mates(prakshet,dinesh,nabaraj & sujan). as the plann was designed before our final masters exam.
as per our plan, we left kathmandu from IOE at 5 PM. we were 13 friends among 16. other friends were absent, but i didn't know why they absent. we were drived to nagarkot thru 7 bikes. i was behind prem's bike upto bhaktapur salaghari and switched to meen's bike. it was almost night around 7 Pm we reached to the destination hotel.
actually i didn't know what is camp firing. on that day i am entertaining with camp firing. its nothing just seat around the fire, keep warm and drinks. bashanta, the event manager of that program managed all the drinks. he managed sprite for me, thanks. Around 8 PM friends started uploading whisky, bear, wine etc...what can i do? some friends forced me to drink hard but i never. i completely rejected then my senior friend told me that "babu sir, have u ever drink wine which specially for ladies, we have wine today." then i replied "ok sir but don't want to be lady". laughing.....all friends...he replied "don't think so..we are just entertaining.lets check how is ladies bear. we must take experience of everything." i excited then and ok requested to the event manager for half a glass of wine. then the manager replied me that..."u don't get full glass because we didn't have sufficient wine..laughing."
that was my 1st experience when i took wine. friends were fully entertained up to 2 PM. playing madal, guitar, and songs..antaksheri etc...
at 10 PM, i just want to sleep but friends didn't want me to sleep. any way i tried...i told that i want to go toilet. from this clue i went to sleep but prem was following me so he got back me to the spot again and starts dancing. any way friends were full. so grabing this oppertunity i went to sleep. at 12 PM, manager came and waked me up for dinner. we took dinner and then went to bed.
some friends still got entertaining by jokes (so danger jokes yar......i never heard before...real jokes of their life...ha ha ha ha). this was my time to be in nagarkot. i know i have to catch son rise early in the morning. manager waked up all friends at 5 AM and we went to the nagarkot tower around 6 AM. took several photoes on the tower....so nice son rise..amazing.. i will upload all photoes later in my blog.. we returned back from tower at 9 PM. i was behind prakash dai with meen's bike. unfortunately i the bike slipped on the road where mobil on the road was the main cause. we both failed on the road that i just jumped over and prakash dai got little wounded around heap. by the way i used my both pam first on the ground and god... i was not wounded at all. thats a bitter experience(bike accident). any way we reached to our hotel..took photoes at another beautiful spot and got back to kathmandu. i went to my home at banasthali and just slept whole day due to early night's hanged up.
so i felt so happy that we all succesfully returned back thru bike and got full entertainment...thanks to telecom engineers for giving us such a beautiful event in my life..

Mass Assessment Bunked in Communication Theory (3rd Dec. 2006, Sunday 8 PM)

today, i am feeling little unhappy because we(M.Sc. Students) rejected an assessment examination of communication theory, really a complicated subject in our masters course.
from the past history and present status of this subject we felt that we couldnot attempt the exam that means we could write nothing in the exam. so we all were ready to stop the exam and planned to request our teacher(Daya Sagar baral).
as per our plan, our discussion started with sir 30 mins before the exam. we requested to our sir that we were really sorry because we were still not fully confident on this subject so either convert this exam as assignment or lets shift the exam. unfortunately our respected sir denied to do anything and we had to appear the exam by force. every guys had set their mind not to appear the exam but planned to just get the question paper and left it blank.
when our sir supplied question papers toward us, my heart blinked a bit more.
ussssssssssssssss what a nice question. but my one friend told to left the exam and really he went out from the room.. continuously other guys left the room. and we finally rejected the exam though the question paper was so easy and could be easily solved. my mind became offset that we really sorry with our teacher. such a situation was never happened in my life and my studies. what our teacher felt?
so we are really sorry for that. it was our mistake that our thought is completely negative with this subject means its really a difficult subject. i think difficulty of subject matter depends on the teacher. we are very positive with our teacher and our teacher is really positive with us too though we were not able to appear this examination. sorry again for this.
any way the exam shifted to next sunday 24th mangshir 2063 which is just two days before our final masters examination of the same subject.

best of luck!! to all guys for the assessment and final exam of this subject(Communication Theory) and best of luck!! to me also.
next assessment of digital image procesing is comming soon. i think we have to study in time otherwise same events will repeat. so baburd, left writing to this blog. just stop and start preparing the assessment and final exam of ur masters course.